The Thinking Hand
Existential and Embodied Wisdom in Architecture
Architectural Design Primer

March 2009
160 Pages, Softcover
Wiley & Sons Ltd
In our current global networked culture that puts so much emphasis
on the virtual and the visual, the mind and the body have become
detached and ultimately disconnected. Though physical appearance is
idolised for its sexual appeal and its social identity, the role of
the body in developing a full understanding of the physical world
and the human condition has become neglected. The potential of the
human body as a knowing entity - with all our senses as well
as our entire bodily functions being structured to produce and
maintain silent knowledge together - fails to be recognised.
It is only through the unity of mind and body that craftsmanship
and artistic work can be fully realised. Even those endeavours that
are generally regarded as solely intellectual, such as writing and
thinking, depend on this union of mental and manual skills.
In The Thinking Hand, Juhani Pallasmaa reveals the
miraculous potential of the human hand. He shows how the pencil in
the hand of the artist or architect becomes the bridge between the
imagining mind and the emerging image. The book surveys the
multiple essences of the hand, its biological evolution and its
role in the shaping of culture, highlighting how the
hand-tool union and eye-hand-mind fusion are
essential for dexterity and how ultimately the body and the senses
play a crucial role in memory and creative work. Pallasmaa here
continues the exploration begun in his classic work The Eyes of
the Skin by further investigating the interplay of emotion and
imagination, intelligence and making, theory and life, once again
redefining the task of art and architecture through well-grounded
human truths.
Chapter One: The Mysterious Hand 024
The Multiple Essences of the Hand
What is the Hand?
Hand, Eye, Brain and Language
Hand as Symbol
Gestures of the Hand
Languages of the Hand
Chapter Two: The Working Hand 046
The Hand and the Tool
The Hand of the Craftsman
Collaborative Craftsmanship
Architecture as Workmanship
Chapter Three: Eye-Hand-Mind Fusion 070
Experimentation and the Art of Play
Skill and Boredom
Eye, Hand and Mind
Chapter Four: The Drawing Hand 088
Drawing and the Self
Tactility of Drawing
The Computerised Hand
Primacy of Touch: Hapticity of Self-image
Unconscious Touch in Artistic Experience
Chapter Five: Embodied Thinking 106
Creative Fusion
The Work of Thinking: The Value of Uncertainty
Resistance, Tradition and Freedom
Thinking Through the Senses
Embodied Memory and Thought
Existential Knowledge
Chapter Six: Body, Self and Mind 122
The Body as Site
The World and the Self
The World and the Mind
Existential Space in Art
Chapter Seven: Emotion and Imagination 130
Reality of Imagination
The Gift of Imagination
Reality of Art
Art and Emotion
Artistic Experience as Exchange
Chapter Eight: Theory and Life 140
Theory and Making
Opposition of Theory and Making
Architecture as Image of Life
The Task of Art
Index 153
Photo credits 159
"The Thinking Hand is a superb piece of writing. A primer not just for architecture, but for life." (Blueprint, July 2009)