Supramolecular Polymer Chemistry

Preface

PART I: Formation of Supramolecular Polymers

MULTIPLE HYDROGEN-BONDED SUPRAMOLECULAR POLYMERS
Introduction
General Concepts of Hydrogen-Bonding Motifs
Hydrogen-Bonded Main-Chain Supramolecular Polymers
From Supramolecular Polymers to Supramolecular Materials
Future Perspectives

CYCLODEXTRIN-BASED SUPRAMOLECULAR POLYMERS
Introduction
Supramolecular Polymers in the Solid State
Formation of Homo-Intramolecular and Intermolecular Complexes by CDs-Guest Conjugates
Formation of Intermolecular Complexes by CD and Guest Dimers
Artificial Molecular Muscle Based on c2-Daisy Chain
Conclusion and Outlook

SUPRA-MACROMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY: TOWARD DESIGN OF NEW ORGANIC MATERIALS FROM SUPRAMOLECULAR STANDPOINTS
Introduction
Small Molecules, Macromolecules, and Supramolecules: Design of their Composite Materials
Conclusion and Outlook

POLYMERIZATION WITH DITOPIC CAVITAND MONOMERS
Introduction
Cavitands
Self-Assembly of Ditopic Cavitand Monomers
Conclusions and Outlook

PART II: Supramolecular Polymers with Unique Structures

POLYMERS CONTAINING COVALENTLY BONDED AND SUPRAMOLECULARLY ATTACHED CYCLODEXTRINS AS SIDE GROUPS
Polymers with Covalently Bonded Cyclodextrins as Side Groups
Side Chain Polyrotaxanes and Polypseudorotaxanes

ANTIBODY DENDRIMERS AND DNA CATENANES
Molecular Recognition in Biological Systems
Antibody Supramolecules
DNA Supramolecules
Conclusions

CROWN ETHER-BASED POLYMERIC ROTAXANES
Introduction
Daisy Chains
Supramolecular Polymers
Dendritic Rotaxanes
Dendronized Polymers
Main Chain Rotaxanes Based on Polymeric Crowns (Including Crosslinked Systems)
Side Chain Rotaxanes Based on Pendent Crowns
Poly[2]rotaxanes
Poly[3]rotaxanes
Polymeric End Group Pseudorotaxanes
Chain Extension and Block Copolymers from End Groups
Star Polymers from Crown Functionalized Polymers

PART III: Properties and Functions

PROCESSIVE ROTAXANE CATALYSTS
Introduction
Results and Discussion
Conclusion

EMERGING BIOMEDICAL FUNCTIONS THROUGH 'MOBILE' POLYROTAXANES
Introduction
Multivalent Interaction using Ligand-Conjugated Polyrotaxanes
The Formation of Polyrotaxane Loops as a Dynamic Interface
Cytocleavable Polyrotaxanes for Gene Delivery
Conclusion
Appendix

SLIDE-RING MATERIALS USING POLYROTAXANE
Introduction
Pulley Effect of Slide-Ring Materials
Synthesis of Slide-Ring Materials
Scattering Studies of Slide-Ring Gels
Mechanical Properties of Slide-Ring Gels
Sliding Graft Copolymers
Recent Trends of Slide-Ring Materials
Concluding Remarks

STIMULI-RESPONSIVE SYSTEMS
Introduction
Stimuli and Responses
Examples of Stimuli-Responsive Supramolecular Polymer Systems
Concluding Remarks

PHYSICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY OF SUPRAMOLECULAR POLYMERS
Introduction and Background
Linear Supramolecular Polymers
Cross-Linked SPs Networks
Hybrid Polymer Gels
Conclusion

TOPOLOGICAL POLYMER CHEMISTRY: A QUEST FOR STRANGE POLYMER RINGS
Introduction
Systematic Classification of Nonlinear Polymer Topologies
Topological Isomerism
Designing Unusual Polymer Rings by Electrostatic Self-Assembly and Covalent Fixation
Conclusion and Future Perspectives

STRUCTURE AND DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF ORGANOMETALLIC ROTAXANES
Introduction
Conclusion
Appendix: Experimental Section

POLYROTAXANE NETWORKS AS A TOPOLOGICALLY CROSS-LINKED POLYMER: SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES
Introduction
Linking of Wheels of Main-Chain-Type Polyrotaxane - Structurally Defined Polyrotaxane Network
Linking of Macrocyclic Units of Polymacrocycle with Axle Unit to Directly Yield a Polyrotaxane Network
Linking of Wheels of Polyrotaxane Cross-Linker to Afford Polyrotaxane Network: Design of the Cross-Linker
Conclusion

FROM CHEMICAL TOPOLOGY TO MOLECULAR MACHINES
Introduction
Copper(I)-Templated Synthesis of Catenanes: The 'Entwining' Approach and the 'Gathering and Threading' Strategy
Molecular Knots
Molecular Machines Based on Catenanes and Rotaxanes
Two-Dimensional Interlocking Arrays
A [3]rotaxane Acting as an Adjustable Receptor: Toward a Molecular 'Press'
Conclusion

Akira Harada is a professor at the Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Japan, where he gained his PhD in 1977. He began his career as a visiting scientist at IBM research in San Jose, followed by a postdoctoral fellowship at Colorado State University. He returned to Osaka University as an assistant professor in 1982, spent a year as a visiting scientist at The Scripps Institute in 1991, and became a full professor in 1998. He is the recipient of several awards, including the IBM Science Award, Osaka Science Award, Japan Polymer Society Award, Cyclodextrin Society Award, Izatt-Christensen International Award, and the Medal with Purple Ribbon from the Japanese Government. Professor Harada is a member of the Chemical Society of Japan, Polymer Society of Japan, the American Chemical Society, and the Society of Biochemistry, and is on the board of four scientific journals. His research interests cover supramolecular chemistry, polymer synthesis and assembly of bio-related polymers.

A. Harada, Osaka University, Japan