Computational Design Thinking
Computation Design Thinking
AD Reader

September 2011
224 Pages, Hardcover
Wiley & Sons Ltd
The current transition from Computer Aided Design (CAD) to
Computational Design in architecture represents a profound shift in
design thinking and methods. Representation is being replaced by
simulation, and the crafting of objects is moving towards the
generation of integrated systems through designer-authored
computational processes. While there is a particular history of
such an approach in architecture, its relative newness requires the
continued progression of novel modes of design thinking for the
architect of the 21st century. This AD Reader establishes a
foundation for such thinking. It includes multifaceted
reflections and speculations on the profound influence of
computational paradigms on architecture. It presents relevant
principles from the domains of mathematics and computer science,
developmental and evolutionary biology, system science and
philosophy, establishing a discourse for computational design
thinking in architecture. Rather than a merely technical approach,
the book will discuss essential intellectual concepts that are
fundamental not only for a discourse on computational design but
also for its practice.
This anthology provides a unique collection of seminal texts by
authors, who have either provided a significant starting point
through which a computational approach to design has been pursued
or have played a considerable role in shaping the field. An
important aspect of this book is the manner in which adjacent
fields and historical texts are connected. Both the source of
original inspiration and scientific thought are presented alongside
contemporary writings on the continually evolving computational
design discourse. Emerging from the field of science, principally
the subjects of morphogenesis, evolution and mathematics, selected
texts provide a historical basis for a reconfigured mindset of
processes that generate, arrange and describe form. Juxtaposed
against more contemporary statements regarding the influence of
computation on design thinking, the book offers advancements of
fundamental texts to the particular purpose of establishing novel
thought processes for architecture, theoretically and
practically.
* The first reader to provide an effective framework for
computational thinking in design.
* Includes classic texts by Johan W. von Goethe, D'Arcy
Thompson, Ernst Mayr, Ludwig von Bertalanffy, Gordan Pask,
Christopher Alexander, John H. Holland, Nicholas Negroponte,
William Mitchell, Peter J. Bentley & David W. Corne, Sanford
Kwinter, John Frazer, Kostis Terzidis, Michael Weinstock and Achim
Menges
* Features new writing by: Mark Burry, Jane Burry, Manuel DeLanda
and Peter Trummer.
Achim Menges and Sean Ahlquist
10 Introduction
Computational Design Thinking
Sean Ahlquist and Achim Menges
30 Formation and Transformation
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
32 On the Theory of Transformations, or the Comparison of
Related Forms
D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson
42 Variational Evolution
Ernst Mayr
50 The Meaning of General System Theory
Ludwig von Bertalanffy
58 Systems Generating Systems
Christopher Alexander
68 The Architectural Relevance of Cybernetics
Gordon Pask
78 Towards a Humanism Through Machines
Nicholas Negroponte
86 A New Agenda for Computer-Aided Design
William J Mitchell
94 Algorithmic Form
Kostas Terzidis
102 Architecture and Practical Design Computation
Mark Burry
120 An Introduction to Creative Evolutionary
Systems
Peter J Bentley and David W Corne
131 Constrained Generating Procedures
John H Holland
142 Real Virtuality
Manuel DeLanda
149 A Natural Model for Architecture
John Frazer
158 Morphogenesis and the Mathematics of Emergence
Michael Weinstock
168 Philosophy of Mathematics for Computational Design:
Spatial Intuition Versus Logic
Jane Burry
179 Associative Design: From Type to Population
Peter Trummer
198 Integral Formation and Materialisation: Computational
Form and Material Gestalt
Achim Menges
211 The Computational Fallacy
Sanford Kwinter
216 Select Bibliography
218 Index
Computational Design at Stuttgart University. Currently he is also
Visiting Professor in Architecture at Harvard University's
Graduate School of Design and Visiting Professor for the Emergent
Technologies and Design Programme at the Architectural Association
in London.
Sean Ahlquist is a research associate at the Institute
for Computational Design at Stuttgart University. He has taught at
University of California Berkeley and California College of the
Arts and founded the design firm, Proces2. He holds a Master of
Architecture degree from the Emergent Technologies and Design
Programme at the Architectural Association in London.